COVID-19 Systematic Mini-Review as of April 2025
*Corresponding Author:Received Date: Apr 03, 2025 / Accepted Date: Apr 22, 2025 / Published Date: Apr 29, 2025
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Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2), primarily affects the respiratory system, leading to a broad spectrum of pulmonary complications. The pathophysiology of COVID-19 in the lungs includes direct viral injury, hyper inflammatory responses, endothelial dysfunction, and thrombosis. This article reviews the mechanisms of lung involvement, clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and therapeutic approaches with a focus on severe and critical cases of COVID-19. We provide an in-depth discussion on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary vascular complications, and the long-term pulmonary sequelae in post-COVID-19 patients. Current and emerging therapeutic strategies, including antivirals, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, anticoagulants, and mechanical ventilation approaches, are analyzed. This comprehensive review aims to provide insights into the pulmonary impact of COVID-19 and future research directions.
